7 Winning Trading Systems Reviewed - 3 Day High/Low

Back in 2009 Larry Connors and Cesar Alvarez published several short term trading systems in their book “High Probability ETF Trading". They described 7 mean reverting strategies. 
What happens, then once a strategy becomes public domain? Do they loose their edge?


All tests are performed on a set of 20 ETFs:

DIA,EEM,EFA,EWH,EWJ,EWT,EWZ,FXI,GLD,ILF,IWM,IYR,QQQQ,SPY,XHB,XLB,XLE,XLF,XLI,XLV


Tthe strategy can hold  up to 10 ETFs at any time. Commissions at  $0.005 a share.


Strategy 1: 3 Day High/Low


The rules:
1. ETF is above MA(200)
2. ETF is below MA(5)
3. ETF has made three consecutive lower lows
4. ETF has made three consecutive lower highs

BUY on the close of the day these criteria are met.
SELL on the close of the day the ETF closes above its MA(5).



The exact opposite for SHORT/COVER.




"In-Sample"         2002-2009: CAR/MDD=1.22 .
Profit = 77728.30 (77.73%), CAR = 8.56%, MaxSysDD = -10319.40 (-7.00%), CAR/MDD = 1.22,
 # winners = 649 (75.20%), # losers = 214 (24.80%) 


"Out-of-sample"  2009-2012: CAR/MDD=0.38
Profit = 22155.67 (22.16%), CAR = 5.74%, MaxSysDD = -18627.71 (-15.19%), CAR/MDD = 0.38,
 # winners = 381 (71.48%), # losers = 152 (28.52%) 


The strategy holds up fairly well even after 2009 but under-performs compared to it's 2002-2009 smooth equity, especially after 2011.Keep in mind that 2009-2011 has been a good bull run for the market in general.
During the difficult  2011 it does not perform so well.
Still, if someone bought the book and traded this strategy, they would come out with a 25.17% profit and a 15.35% draw-down.


a. Simple version, 20 ETFs - Jan 1,2002 - Aug.1,2012





Jan 1,2002 - Aug.1,2012
Profit = 112084.70 (112.08%), CAR = 7.36%, MaxSysDD = -32323.67 (-15.19%), CAR/MDD = 0.48, # winners = 1025 (73.79%), # losers = 364 (26.21%) 

Jan 1,2009- Aug.1,2012
Profit = 22155.67 (22.16%), CAR = 5.74%, MaxSysDD = -18627.71 (-15.19%), CAR/MDD = 0.38, # winners = 381 (71.48%), # losers = 152 (28.52%) 


b. Aggresive version, 20 ETFs - Jan 1,2002 - Aug.1,2012 (Scale In position uses up to x2 leverage)




Jan 1,2002 - Aug.1,2012:
Profit = 183182.36 (183.18%), CAR = 10.33%, MaxSysDD = -55801.39 (-19.73%), CAR/MDD = 0.52, # winners = 1092 (76.42%), # losers = 337 (23.58%) 

Jan 1,2009- Aug.1,2012:
Profit = 32036.25 (32.04%), CAR = 8.06%, MaxSysDD = -25999.34 (-19.71%), CAR/MDD = 0.41, # winners = 406 (74.50%), # losers = 139 (25.50%) 


Detailed Stats:





Here are the detailed stats for the Non aggressive versions

2002-2012

Statistics
All trades Long trades Short trades
Initial capital 100000.00 100000.00 100000.00
Ending capital 212084.70 153151.01 158933.69
Net Profit 112084.70 53151.01 58933.69
Net Profit % 112.08 % 53.15 % 58.93 %
Exposure % 8.91 % 5.44 % 3.47 %
Net Risk Adjusted Return % 1258.07 % 977.38 % 1697.80 %
Annual Return % 7.36 % 4.11 % 4.47 %
Risk Adjusted Return % 82.57 % 75.51 % 128.81 %

All trades 1389 886 (63.79 %) 503 (36.21 %)
Avg. Profit/Loss 80.69 59.99 117.16
Avg. Profit/Loss % 0.57 % 0.48 % 0.74 %
Avg. Bars Held 4.56 4.40 4.84

Winners 1025 (73.79 %) 665 (47.88 %) 360 (25.92 %)
Total Profit 266745.82 145768.63 120977.19
Avg. Profit 260.24 219.20 336.05
Avg. Profit % 1.73 % 1.50 % 2.16 %
Avg. Bars Held 3.44 3.36 3.58
Max. Consecutive 26 26 28
Largest win 3369.36 1449.04 3369.36
# bars in largest win 3 2 3

Losers 364 (26.21 %) 221 (15.91 %) 143 (10.30 %)
Total Loss -154661.12 -92617.62 -62043.50
Avg. Loss -424.89 -419.08 -433.87
Avg. Loss % -2.69 % -2.60 % -2.83 %
Avg. Bars Held 7.71 7.50 8.03
Max. Consecutive 10 10 10
Largest loss -3070.01 -3070.01 -2365.74
# bars in largest loss 13 13 13

Max. trade drawdown -3944.05 -3944.05 -2993.90
Max. trade % drawdown -18.94 % -18.92 % -18.94 %
Max. system drawdown -32323.67 -33724.74 -13937.44
Max. system % drawdown -15.19 % -18.97 % -9.20 %
Recovery Factor 3.47 1.58 4.23
CAR/MaxDD 0.48 0.22 0.49
RAR/MaxDD 5.43 3.98 14.01
Profit Factor 1.72 1.57 1.95
Payoff Ratio 0.61 0.52 0.77
Standard Error 10672.47 6650.99 8080.77
Risk-Reward Ratio 1.18 1.14 0.62
Ulcer Index 2.06 4.21 2.53
Ulcer Performance Index 0.95 -0.31 -0.37
Sharpe Ratio of trades 1.60 1.49 1.79
K-Ratio 0.0699 0.0677 0.0365





Out-of Sample 2009-2012





Statistics
All trades Long trades Short trades
Initial capital 100000.00 100000.00 100000.00
Ending capital 122155.67 104344.90 117810.77
Net Profit 22155.67 4344.90 17810.77
Net Profit % 22.16 % 4.34 % 17.81 %
Exposure % 11.07 % 6.02 % 5.05 %
Net Risk Adjusted Return % 200.07 % 72.15 % 352.54 %
Annual Return % 5.74 % 1.19 % 4.68 %
Risk Adjusted Return % 51.82 % 19.81 % 92.56 %

All trades 533 300 (56.29 %) 233 (43.71 %)
Avg. Profit/Loss 41.57 14.48 76.44
Avg. Profit/Loss % 0.41 % 0.17 % 0.73 %
Avg. Bars Held 4.91 4.79 5.08

Winners 381 (71.48 %) 216 (40.53 %) 165 (30.96 %)
Total Profit 76958.35 38256.95 38701.39
Avg. Profit 201.99 177.12 234.55
Avg. Profit % 1.83 % 1.58 % 2.17 %
Avg. Bars Held 3.62 3.47 3.82
Max. Consecutive 24 23 28
Largest win 948.27 835.21 948.27
# bars in largest win 3 2 3

Losers 152 (28.52 %) 84 (15.76 %) 68 (12.76 %)
Total Loss -54802.67 -33912.05 -20890.62
Avg. Loss -360.54 -403.71 -307.21
Avg. Loss % -3.15 % -3.45 % -2.77 %
Avg. Bars Held 8.15 8.18 8.12
Max. Consecutive 10 10 10
Largest loss -1767.74 -1767.74 -1361.94
# bars in largest loss 13 13 13

Max. trade drawdown -2277.55 -2277.55 -1726.40
Max. trade % drawdown -18.92 % -18.92 % -16.66 %
Max. system drawdown -18627.71 -19432.71 -8024.43
Max. system % drawdown -15.19 % -16.39 % -7.07 %
Recovery Factor 1.19 0.22 2.22
CAR/MaxDD 0.38 0.07 0.66
RAR/MaxDD 3.41 1.21 13.10
Profit Factor 1.40 1.13 1.85
Payoff Ratio 0.56 0.44 0.76
Standard Error 3221.90 5001.76 2781.37
Risk-Reward Ratio 1.33 0.35 0.91
Ulcer Index 2.70 5.92 2.31
Ulcer Performance Index 0.13 -0.71 -0.31
Sharpe Ratio of trades 1.05 0.41 1.75
K-Ratio 0.0459 0.0121 0.0314



Amibroker code:



//Code by VangelisM. (aka - sanzprophet )
//Part of Code taken by afl from Library - Paul's "Connors TPS - ETFs.afl"


Plot( C, "Close", ParamColor("Color", colorBlack ), styleNoTitle | ParamStyle("Style") | GetPriceStyle() ); 
SetBacktestMode( backtestRegularRaw );
aggresive=ParamToggle("Agreesive?","NO|YES",0);
Buy=Sell=Cover=Short=0;
SetTradeDelays(0,0,0,0);
BuyPrice=SellPrice=CoverPrice=ShortPrice=C;
qty=Param("PositionScoretions",1,1,50,1);
SetOption( "MaxOpenPositions", qty );


if(!aggresive)
{
aboveMA=C>MA(C,200);
belowMA5=C<MA(C,5);
Low3= H<Ref(H,-1) AND Ref(H,-1)<Ref(H,-2) AND Ref(H,-2)<Ref(H,-3)
AND L<Ref(L,-1) AND Ref(L,-1)<Ref(L,-2) AND Ref(L,-2)<Ref(L,-3);


Buy1=aboveMA AND belowMA5 AND Low3;
Buy=Buy1;
Sell=!belowMA5;
Sell=ExRem(Sell,Buy);


High3= H>Ref(H,-1) AND Ref(H,-1)>Ref(H,-2) AND Ref(H,-2)>Ref(H,-3)
AND L>Ref(L,-1) AND Ref(L,-1)>Ref(L,-2) AND Ref(L,-2)>Ref(L,-3);


Short1=C<MA(C,200) AND !belowMA5 AND High3;
Short=Short1;
Cover=belowMA5;


PositionSize=-98/qty;
PositionScore=IIf(Buy,100-RSI(3),RSI(3));


}


if(aggresive)
{


aboveMA=C>MA(C,200);
belowMA5=C<MA(C,5);
Low3= H<Ref(H,-1) AND Ref(H,-1)<Ref(H,-2) AND Ref(H,-2)<Ref(H,-3)
AND L<Ref(L,-1) AND Ref(L,-1)<Ref(L,-2) AND Ref(L,-2)<Ref(L,-3);


Buy1=aboveMA AND belowMA5 AND Low3;
Sell=!belowMA5;




High3= H>Ref(H,-1) AND Ref(H,-1)>Ref(H,-2) AND Ref(H,-2)>Ref(H,-3)
AND L>Ref(L,-1) AND Ref(L,-1)>Ref(L,-2) AND Ref(L,-2)>Ref(L,-3);
Short1=C<MA(C,200) AND !belowMA5 AND High3;
Cover=belowMA5;




BarsSinceSell = BarsSince(Sell);
InFirstPos =Flip(Buy1,Sell);
FirstTrigger = ExRem(InFirstPos, Sell);
BarsSinceFirstTrigger = BarsSince(FirstTrigger);
FirstTriggerPrice = IIf(BarsSinceFirstTrigger < BarsSinceSell,Ref(C,-BarsSinceFirstTrigger), 0 );


SecondEntry = aboveMA AND C < FirstTriggerPrice AND InFirstPos AND Ref(InFirstPos,-1);
InSecondPos = Flip(SecondEntry, Sell);
SecondTrigger = ExRem(InSecondPos, Sell);
BarsSinceSecondTrigger = BarsSince(SecondTrigger);
SecondTriggerPrice = IIf(BarsSinceSecondTrigger < BarsSinceSell,
Ref(C,-BarsSinceSecondTrigger), 0);


BarsSinceCover = BarsSince(Cover);


FirstShortEntry = Short1; ;
InFirstShortPos = Flip(FirstShortEntry, Cover );
FirstShortTrigger = ExRem(InFirstShortPos, Cover );
BarsSinceFirstShortTrigger = BarsSince(FirstShortTrigger);
FirstShortTriggerPrice = IIf(BarsSinceFirstShortTrigger < BarsSinceCover ,Ref(C,-BarsSinceFirstShortTrigger), 0 );
//FirstTriggerPrice = IIf(BarsSinceFirstTrigger < BarsSinceSell,Ref(O,-BarsSinceFirstTrigger+1), 0 );




SecondShortEntry = !aboveMA AND C > FirstShortTriggerPrice AND InFirstShortPos AND Ref(InFirstShortPos,-1);
InSecondShortPos = Flip(SecondShortEntry, Cover );
SecondShortTrigger = ExRem(InSecondShortPos, Cover );
BarsSinceSecondShortTrigger = BarsSince(SecondShortTrigger);
SecondShortTriggerPrice = IIf(BarsSinceSecondShortTrigger < BarsSinceCover,
Ref(C,-BarsSinceSecondShortTrigger), 0);


PositionSize=-98/qty;
PositionScore=IIf(Buy OR SecondEntry ,100-RSI(3),RSI(3));


Buy=IIf(Buy1,1,IIf(SecondEntry AND Sum(Secondentry,BarsSinceSell)==1 ,sigScaleIn,0));
Short=IIf(Short1,1,IIf(SecondShortEntry AND Sum(SecondShortentry,BarsSinceCover)==1 ,sigScaleIn,0));
}


GfxSelectPen( colorBlack, 2 ); 
GfxSelectFont("Times New Roman", 12, 200, False ); 
GfxTextOut("3 Day High/Low",10,20);




shape = Buy * shapeUpArrow + Sell * shapeDownArrow;


PlotShapes( shape, IIf( Buy, colorGreen, colorYellow ), 0,C );


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